Herniated Disc (Lumbar)
Herniation describes an abnormality of the intervertebral disc that is also known as a "slipped," "ruptured" or "bulging" disc. This process occurs when the inner core (nucleus pulposus) of the intervertebral disc bulges out through the outer, more fibrous layer of the disc (annulus fibrosis).
Lumbar Stenosis
Lumbar stenosis is a natural product of aging, and the wear and tear on the spine throughout our lives. As our bodies grow older, the ligaments and bones that make up the spine grow thicker and become stiffer.
Synovial Cyst
Synovial cysts are benign, fluid-filled sacs that develop in the facet joints of the lumbar spine as a result of degeneration. If large enough, these sacs can cause spinal stenosis.
Spondylolysis (Lumbar)
Spondylolysis is a defect that occurs in the posterior part of the spine known as the pars intrarticularis.
Spondylolisthesis (Lumbar)
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one vertebra slips forward on the adjacent vertebrae.
Scoliosis
Scoliosis is an unnatural curvature in the spine. The spine does have normal curves from front to back that help with balance. The curves of scoliosis are side to side, away from the middle of the body.
Lumbar Trauma/Fractures
In the case of trauma, dislocations and fractures can result in an unstable spinal column. They can occur in any region of the spine and may be associated with neurological injury.
Spinal Infection
Though infections of the spine are rare, if they are neglected for a period of time, or if there is a delay in diagnosis, they can become a significant source of pain and disability. Bone and joint infections anywhere in the body can be crippling and life threatening.
Lumbar Tumors
Spinal tumors can be either primary (originating in the spinal structures) or secondary (metastases of cancer that originated elsewhere in the body).
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